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Introduction&nbsp;
&nbsp;
Cleavers&nbsp;are&nbsp;annuals&nbsp;with&nbsp;creeping&nbsp;straggling&nbsp;stems&nbsp;which&nbsp;branch&nbsp;and&nbsp;grow&nbsp;along&nbsp;the&nbsp;ground&nbsp;and&nbsp;over&nbsp;other&nbsp;plants.&nbsp;They&nbsp;attach&nbsp;themselves&nbsp;with&nbsp;the&nbsp;small&nbsp;hooked&nbsp;hairs&nbsp;which&nbsp;grow&nbsp;out&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;stems&nbsp;and&nbsp;leaves.&nbsp;The&nbsp;stems&nbsp;can&nbsp;reach&nbsp;up&nbsp;to&nbsp;three&nbsp;feet&nbsp;or&nbsp;longer,&nbsp;and&nbsp;are&nbsp;angular&nbsp;or&nbsp;square&nbsp;shaped.The&nbsp;leaves&nbsp;are&nbsp;simple,&nbsp;narrowly&nbsp;oblanceolate&nbsp;to&nbsp;linear,&nbsp;and&nbsp;borne&nbsp;in&nbsp;whorls&nbsp;of&nbsp;six&nbsp;to&nbsp;eight.
Cleavers&nbsp;have&nbsp;tiny,&nbsp;star-shaped,&nbsp;white&nbsp;to&nbsp;greenish&nbsp;flowers,&nbsp;which&nbsp;emerge&nbsp;from&nbsp;early&nbsp;spring&nbsp;to&nbsp;summer.&nbsp;The&nbsp;flowers&nbsp;are&nbsp;clustered&nbsp;in&nbsp;groups&nbsp;of&nbsp;two&nbsp;or&nbsp;three,&nbsp;and&nbsp;are&nbsp;borne&nbsp;out&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;leaf&nbsp;axils.The&nbsp;globular&nbsp;fruits&nbsp;are&nbsp;burrs&nbsp;which&nbsp;grow&nbsp;1-3&nbsp;seeds&nbsp;clustered&nbsp;together;&nbsp;they&nbsp;are&nbsp;covered&nbsp;with&nbsp;hooked&nbsp;hairs&nbsp;which&nbsp;cling&nbsp;to&nbsp;animal&nbsp;fur,&nbsp;aiding&nbsp;in&nbsp;seed&nbsp;dispersal.
&nbsp;
Function&nbsp;
As&nbsp;a&nbsp;tea,&nbsp;the&nbsp;plant&nbsp;acts&nbsp;as&nbsp;a&nbsp;diuretic&nbsp;and&nbsp;lymphatic.[verification&nbsp;needed][medical&nbsp;citation&nbsp;needed]&nbsp;As&nbsp;a&nbsp;lymphatic&nbsp;tonic,&nbsp;it&nbsp;is&nbsp;used&nbsp;in&nbsp;a&nbsp;wide&nbsp;range&nbsp;of&nbsp;problems&nbsp;involving&nbsp;the&nbsp;lymph&nbsp;system,&nbsp;such&nbsp;as&nbsp;swollen&nbsp;glands&nbsp;(e.g.&nbsp;tonsillitis).
Poultices&nbsp;and&nbsp;washes&nbsp;made&nbsp;from&nbsp;cleavers&nbsp;were&nbsp;traditionally&nbsp;used&nbsp;to&nbsp;treat&nbsp;a&nbsp;variety&nbsp;of&nbsp;skin&nbsp;ailments,&nbsp;light&nbsp;wounds&nbsp;and&nbsp;burns.As&nbsp;a&nbsp;pulp,&nbsp;it&nbsp;has&nbsp;been&nbsp;used&nbsp;to&nbsp;relieve&nbsp;poisonous&nbsp;bites&nbsp;and&nbsp;stings.To&nbsp;make&nbsp;a&nbsp;poultice,&nbsp;the&nbsp;entire&nbsp;plant&nbsp;is&nbsp;used,&nbsp;and&nbsp;applied&nbsp;directly&nbsp;to&nbsp;the&nbsp;affected&nbsp;area.
The&nbsp;asperuloside&nbsp;in&nbsp;cleavers&nbsp;acts&nbsp;as&nbsp;a&nbsp;mild&nbsp;sedative,&nbsp;and&nbsp;one&nbsp;study&nbsp;showed&nbsp;that&nbsp;cleaver&nbsp;extract&nbsp;lowers&nbsp;the&nbsp;blood&nbsp;pressure&nbsp;of&nbsp;dogs,&nbsp;without&nbsp;slowing&nbsp;their&nbsp;heart&nbsp;rate,&nbsp;or&nbsp;any&nbsp;other&nbsp;dangerous&nbsp;side&nbsp;effects.[citation&nbsp;needed]&nbsp;Ethnobotanist&nbsp;James&nbsp;A.&nbsp;Duke&nbsp;recommends&nbsp;a&nbsp;dosage&nbsp;of&nbsp;one&nbsp;ounce&nbsp;of&nbsp;dried&nbsp;leaves&nbsp;to&nbsp;a&nbsp;pint&nbsp;of&nbsp;water,&nbsp;1&nbsp;to&nbsp;2&nbsp;teaspoons&nbsp;of&nbsp;tincture,&nbsp;or&nbsp;2&nbsp;to&nbsp;4&nbsp;grams&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;dried&nbsp;herb&nbsp;in&nbsp;a&nbsp;cup&nbsp;of&nbsp;boiling&nbsp;water,&nbsp;three&nbsp;times&nbsp;daily.
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